Pursuing a PhD might have been the most lucrative decision that Tomasz Matusiak has ever taken.
Whilst studying at the Wroclaw University of Science and Technology in Poland's third-largest city, he developed chemical sensors made from ceramic materials based on microplasma generators, and electrical components made from a paste of glass and graphite.
Now, Matusiak is using this research to solve a bottleneck that plagues the cutting edge of AI development: moving data between where it is stored in memory and where it is handled in the processing unit (for example, the central processing unit [CPU], which handles arithmetic and logical operations; or more specialised graphics processing units [GPUs], which handle computer graphics and digital images) wastes both time and (electrical) power. This limits the extent to which AI models can be scaled up and, of course, harms the environment.
What if one could perform all of the computational tasks right where the data are stored? Matusiak thinks his material can do this, and he has started a company, SemiQa, and produced a system inspired by the human brain, the Analog Neural Network (ANN). Unlike conventional chips, which can reach 80°C and require a cooling system, his ANN system only reaches a maximum of 40°C.
SemiQa's goal since its inception at the start of 2025 has been to conquer the universe of data centres, replacing their graphic cards (and the GPUs that power these graphic cards) with ANNs.
Matusiak wants to bring back analog processing for its computational advantages. He uses the analogy of a train ride through the countryside. One might look outside the window and see a forest pass one by, followed by a short section alongside a river, before heading back into the forest again. A human brain – the analog system – would see a forest and then not think about it again until it sees a change in the environment (the river), and then once again not actively register the river again until the river has been replaced by the forest. It only processes the changes.
But a digital system would constantly process what is outside the window. Analog processing thus saves on energy as it doesn’t process when there hasn't been any change.
Likewise, digital processing might allocate a large number of bits to a small integer – for example, even though the number 5 can be expressed in binary with just three bits (101), it might be stored in an 8-bit or a 16-bit structure, where most of the surplus bits are zeroes. Many of the operations performed on these small integers will also result in small integers, so most of the leading zeroes will not change. A lot of memory is wasted.
Analog processing can get around this problem by simply storing the 5 in a memory cell as a 5 instead of in eight memory cells as 00000101. (Analog memory cells, unlike digital memory cells, can take on more values than just 0 and 1.)
The neural approach is based on a special electrical component called a memristor (short for memory resistor). A traditional resistor follows Ohm's Law, which states that the current (the rate at which electric charge flows) through a conductor is proportional to the difference in voltage (or the difference in electric potential energy, or the work it would take to move a unit of charge provided by, for instance, a battery) across that conductor.
Mathematically, Ohm's law is V= IR, where V stands for the voltage, I for the current, and R for the resistance of the conductor, a proportionality constant that indicates how difficult it is for charge to move. The higher the resistance, the lower the current (for a given level of voltage).
In a traditional resistor, the resistance doesn't vary with current (or voltage). In a memristor, though, the resistance depends not just on the current (or voltage) but also on the past levels of current running through it (or voltage controlling it). In other words, if the voltage goes up and then goes back down to its earlier level, the current and resistance might not return to their original levels.
This ability to take on a range of values of resistance also mean that the memristor can be analog – in other words, that it can represent a range of values and not just a 0 or a 1.
In addition to its superior thermal properties, SemiQa's ANN1000 is more power-efficient than other chips, being able to carry out more than 30 TOPS (or 30 trillion operations per second) per Watt of power; standard GPUs or NPUs (neural processing units, which are specialised for AI applications) can only carry out 1-2 TOPS per Watt. (The chip consumes 2.5 Watts of power, and so can carry out roughly 75 TOPS.)
It is also naturally faster – ANN1000's latency (the time delay between when the processor requests something from memory to when the processor retrieves it) is 50 times shorter than that of a conventional GPU or NPU.
The next step is, of course, commercial-scale production of their chips. They already demonstrated a proof-of-concept of their memristive technology at last year's SEMICON Taiwan, an annual trade show and Asia's largest semiconductor event. They will now create a neural network on silicon and hope to have a product-ready chip tailored to specific applications by the end of 2027. The memristive material, a mixture of organic and inorganic parts, is compatible with CMOS (complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor) technology, which is commonly used in foundries to fabricate chips.
Matusiak envisions SemiQa's chips in mission-critical applications where efficient power consumption and processing is highly advantageous. These include autonomous systems, such as drones to be used in war and marine robots. Electric cars can also benefit: GPUs currently account for roughly half the cost of driverless vehicles, and replacing conventional GPUs with SemiQa's chips could reduce the price for consumers whilst maintaining manufacturers' margins.
SemiQa also plans to add B2B applications such as data centres to the aforementioned B2C applications. They will tackle this through the ANN2000, a matrix of a thousand smaller ANN1000s.
The prize money from the Best AI Awards pales in comparison to the 3 million EUR in pre-seed funding that SemiQa has already raised in Europe. But Matusiak is most grateful for the recognition that the judges have given his company's achievements since they started it just a little more than a year ago. This will also facilitate their collaboration with potential partners – in fact, they are already in talks with two local foundries to deepen their co-operation and scale up production of their chips.
"If you want something special, you need to work with the special forces," says Matusiak. "Everyone knows that Taiwan is the best in the world."
SemiQa also plans to set up a branch office in Taiwan and will potentially hire two business developers in the country in the short term. They also know that they will need more funding, and are looking into perhaps raising money from Taiwanese investors. SemiQa already has a strong relationship with Taiwan, being a member of the Taiwan-Poland Chamber of Commerce and having signed memoranda of understanding with several Taiwanese businesses.
The Best AI Awards celebrate global excellence in artificial intelligence and IC design, welcoming submissions from innovative companies and brilliant student teams. Following the success of the 2026 edition—advised by the MOEA, organized by DoIT, and executed by TCA—the prestigious competition is officially transitioning into an annual tradition.
Offering substantial grand prizes and unmatched industry exposure, the countdown to Best AI Awards 2027 has already begun. Details on the next submission cycle, prize tiers, and eligibility rules will be released soon. Connect with us on LinkedIn for the latest official updates and application alerts.
